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Neutrality is enshrined in Moldova’s constitution. But with Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine, the country is moving closer to the European Union and NATO. Just last week, the Moldovan government referred to Russia as a threat to its national security which seeks to “liquidate our statehood.” So is Moldova still neutral?
The Russian war in Ukraine has sparked debates in Moldova about its neutrality. Neutrality can’t hinder international solidarity - it should serve world peace. It’s also clear that armed forces have a key role to play in upholding state sovereignty. The war in Ukraine also underscores the value of international collaboration during military invasions, so strengthening international defence cooperation is pivotal to Moldova’s security. Neutrality shouldn’t equate to isolation. Instead, our focus must be on enhancing our defense and security capabilities.
Moldovan neutrality has never attained its declared purpose – keeping the country out of geopolitical struggles. Although its inclusion in the constitution might have had a political rationale under the specific historical circumstances, recent history has proven that it’s an unrealistic aim. In practise, Moldovan neutrality ensures neither international recognition, nor domestic security from external threats. Neutrality’s lack of utility is acknowledged by both politicians and intellectuals in Moldova. The paradox, then, is that there are few efforts to change the status quo.
Moldova’s neutrality was enshrined in its constitution in 1994, cementing a commitment to avoid military alliances. This stance is a result of historical factors, as Moldova emerged from the dissolution of the Soviet Union seeking to avoid conflict in a region marked by geopolitical tensions. Despite regional complexities and pressures, Moldova's neutrality remains a cornerstone of its foreign policy. While it does create some stability, Moldova’s government understands that it is not sufficient to ensure the security of the country. The government is unable to change Moldova’s path because it lacks citizens’ support and votes in parliament.
Further reading:
Moldova calls Russia a ‘security threat’ for first time. Financial Times, Henry Foy
Time to join NATO? Moldova eyes joining ‘a larger alliance’. Politico, Suzanne Lynch
Neutral Moldova Vows ‘Intensified, Accelerated Cooperation’ With NATO. RFERL, N/A
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